title: 二代测序数据处理(一)数据格式说明 tags: [] id: '1391' categories:
从零开始完整学习全基因组测序(WGS)数据分析:第2节 FASTA和FASTQ
>ENSMUSG00000020122ENSMUST00000138518
,后可接空格表示注释前缀CCCTCCTATCATGC……GGGCCCACCTGTTCTCTGGT
基因名独占一行,序列信息为基因名后一行至下一个 >
基因名标记前
>ENSMUSG00000020122ENSMUST00000138518
CCCTCCTATCATGCTGTCAGTGTATCTCTAAATAGCACTCTCAACCCCCGTGAACTTGGT
TATTAAAAACATGCCCAAAGTCTGGGAGCCAGGGCTGCAGGGAAATACCACAGCCTCAGT
TCATCAAAACAGTTCATTGCCCAAAATGTTCTCAGCTGCAGCTTTCATGAGGTAACTCCA
GGGCCCACCTGTTCTCTGGT
FASTA文件为基本单元的简单罗列
>ENSMUSG00000020122ENSMUST00000138518
CCCTCCTATCATGCTGTCAGTGTATCTCTAAATAGCACTCTCAACCCCCGTGAACTTGGT
TATTAAAAACATGCCCAAAGTCTGGGAGCCAGGGCTGCAGGGAAATACCACAGCCTCAGT
TCATCAAAACAGTTCATTGCCCAAAATGTTCTCAGCTGCAGCTTTCATGAGGTAACTCCA
GGGCCCACCTGTTCTCTGGT
>……
……
>ENSMUSG00000020122ENSMUST00000125984
GAGTCAGGTTGAAGCTGCCCTGAACACTACAGAGAAGAGAGGCCTTGGTGTCCTGTTGTC
TCCAGAACCCCAATATGTCTTGTGAAGGGCACACAACCCCTCAAAGGGGTGTCACTTCTT
CTGATCACTTTTGTTACTGTTTACTAACTGATCCTATGAATCACTGTGTCTTCTCAGAGG
CCGTGAACCACGTCTGCAAT
>……
……
第四行:测序read的质量值,Q = -10log(测序错误率),字符=chr(ord('!')+Q)
,上限为 ~
@DJB775P1:248:D0MDGACXX:7:1202:12362:49613
TGCTTACTCTGCGTTGATACCACTGCTTAGATCGGAAGAGCACACGTCTGAA
+
JJJJJIIJJJJJJHIHHHGHFFFFFFCEEEEEDBD?DDDDDDBDDDABDDCA
#
开头的注释行\t
分隔的具有九列的表格,空值用 .
填充seqid
代表染色体的IDsource
代表基因结构的来源score
strand
, 代表正负链的信息, +表示正链,-表示负链,?表示不清楚phase
,当描述的是CDS区间信息时,需要指定翻译时开始的位置,取值范围有0,1,2两种第九列是attributes, 表示属性,键值对间以分号分隔,键值对内以空格分隔
#!genome-build GRCh38.p12
#!genome-version GRCh38
#!genome-date 2013-12
#!genome-build-accession NCBI:GCA_000001405.27
#!genebuild-last-updated 2018-01
1 ensembl_havana gene 65419 71585 . + . gene_id "ENSG00000186092"; gene_version "6"; gene_name "OR4F5"; gene_source "ensembl_havana"; gene_biotype "protein_coding";
使用 hisat2-build 工具从.fa文件建立
export FADIR=/opt/human_grch38/dna
export FANAME=Homo_sapiens.GRCh38.dna.chromosome
export IDXDIR=/opt/human_grch38/hisat2_idx
export FILELIST=$FADIR/${FANAME}.1.fa,$FADIR/${FANAME}.2.fa,$FADIR/${FANAME}.3.fa,$FADIR/${FANAME}.4.fa,$FADIR/${FANAME}.5.fa,$FADIR/${FANAME}.6.fa,$FADIR/${FANAME}.7.fa,$FADIR/${FANAME}.8.fa,$FADIR/${FANAME}.9.fa,$FADIR/${FANAME}.10.fa,
export FILELIST=${FILELIST}$FADIR/${FANAME}.11.fa,$FADIR/${FANAME}.12.fa,$FADIR/${FANAME}.13.fa,$FADIR/${FANAME}.14.fa,$FADIR/${FANAME}.15.fa,$FADIR/${FANAME}.16.fa,$FADIR/${FANAME}.17.fa,$FADIR/${FANAME}.18.fa,$FADIR/${FANAME}.19.fa,$FADIR/${FANAME}.20.fa,
export FILELIST=${FILELIST}$FADIR/${FANAME}.21.fa,$FADIR/${FANAME}.22.fa,$FADIR/${FANAME}.MT.fa,$FADIR/${FANAME}.X.fa,$FADIR/${FANAME}.Y.fa
echo **************************************
echo $FILELIST
echo **************************************
hisat2-build -p 8 $FILELIST $IDXDIR/GRCh38.hisat2.idx