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            <h1 id="seo-header">【迁移】基于Chroma搭建个人知识库的全文索引</h1>
            
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                    Last updated on November 10, 2024 pm
                  
                
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                <p>Chroma是一个可以帮助计算机理解文本的工具。它可以让你把文本放到一个“盒子”里，这个“盒子”可以让计算机更容易地找到和理解文本。你可以用它来创建一个文本库，然后通过输入问题，找到和问题相关的文本。比如，你可以创建一个文本库，里面有许多关于历史的文章，然后你可以输入“什么是古代中国的四大发明”，Chroma就可以帮你找到相关的文章。Chroma还有很多其他的功能，可以让你更方便地管理和搜索文本。它是完全免费和开放的，任何人都可以使用它。</p>
<h2 id="构建Docker镜像">构建Docker镜像</h2>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs bash"><span class="hljs-built_in">mkdir</span> -p ~/app/chroma &amp;&amp; <span class="hljs-built_in">cd</span> ~/app/chroma &amp;&amp; nano Dockerfile &amp;&amp; nano docker-compose.yml<br>git <span class="hljs-built_in">clone</span> --depth=1 https://ghproxy.com/https://github.com/chroma-core/chroma.git<br>sudo docker build -t limour/chroma .<br><span class="hljs-built_in">cp</span> ./chroma/bin/docker_entrypoint.sh ./docker_entrypoint.sh<br>nano ./docker_entrypoint.sh 添加上pip镜像 -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple<br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight dockerfile"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs Dockerfile"><span class="hljs-keyword">FROM</span> python:<span class="hljs-number">3.10</span><br><span class="hljs-keyword">WORKDIR</span><span class="language-bash"> /chroma</span><br><span class="hljs-keyword">COPY</span><span class="language-bash"> ./chroma/requirements.txt requirements.txt</span><br><span class="hljs-keyword">RUN</span><span class="language-bash"> pip install --no-cache-dir --upgrade -r requirements.txt -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple</span><br><span class="hljs-keyword">COPY</span><span class="language-bash"> ./chroma/bin/docker_entrypoint.sh /docker_entrypoint.sh</span><br><span class="hljs-keyword">COPY</span><span class="language-bash"> ./chroma /chroma</span><br><span class="hljs-keyword">CMD</span><span class="language-bash"> [<span class="hljs-string">&quot;/docker_entrypoint.sh&quot;</span>]</span><br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="部署Docker镜像">部署Docker镜像</h2>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs bash">nano docker-compose.yml<br>sudo docker-compose up -d<br>sudo docker-compose logs<br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight yml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs yml"><span class="hljs-attr">version:</span> <span class="hljs-string">&#x27;3.9&#x27;</span><br> <br><span class="hljs-attr">networks:</span><br>  <span class="hljs-attr">net:</span><br>    <span class="hljs-attr">driver:</span> <span class="hljs-string">bridge</span><br> <br><span class="hljs-attr">services:</span><br>  <span class="hljs-attr">server:</span><br>    <span class="hljs-attr">image:</span> <span class="hljs-string">limour/chroma</span><br>    <span class="hljs-attr">restart:</span> <span class="hljs-string">always</span><br>    <span class="hljs-attr">volumes:</span><br>      <span class="hljs-bullet">-</span> <span class="hljs-string">./chroma:/chroma</span><br>      <span class="hljs-bullet">-</span> <span class="hljs-string">./index_data:/index_data</span><br>      <span class="hljs-bullet">-</span> <span class="hljs-string">./docker_entrypoint.sh:/docker_entrypoint.sh</span><br>    <span class="hljs-attr">command:</span> <span class="hljs-string">uvicorn</span> <span class="hljs-string">chromadb.app:app</span> <span class="hljs-string">--reload</span> <span class="hljs-string">--workers</span> <span class="hljs-number">1</span> <span class="hljs-string">--host</span> <span class="hljs-number">0.0</span><span class="hljs-number">.0</span><span class="hljs-number">.0</span> <span class="hljs-string">--port</span> <span class="hljs-number">8000</span> <span class="hljs-string">--log-config</span> <span class="hljs-string">log_config.yml</span><br>    <span class="hljs-attr">environment:</span><br>      <span class="hljs-bullet">-</span> <span class="hljs-string">CHROMA_DB_IMPL=clickhouse</span><br>      <span class="hljs-bullet">-</span> <span class="hljs-string">CLICKHOUSE_HOST=clickhouse</span><br>      <span class="hljs-bullet">-</span> <span class="hljs-string">CLICKHOUSE_PORT=8123</span><br>    <span class="hljs-attr">ports:</span><br>      <span class="hljs-bullet">-</span> <span class="hljs-number">5800</span><span class="hljs-string">:8000</span><br>    <span class="hljs-attr">depends_on:</span><br>      <span class="hljs-bullet">-</span> <span class="hljs-string">clickhouse</span><br>    <span class="hljs-attr">networks:</span><br>      <span class="hljs-bullet">-</span> <span class="hljs-string">net</span><br> <br>  <span class="hljs-attr">clickhouse:</span><br>    <span class="hljs-attr">image:</span> <span class="hljs-string">clickhouse/clickhouse-server:22.9-alpine</span><br>    <span class="hljs-attr">restart:</span> <span class="hljs-string">always</span><br>    <span class="hljs-attr">environment:</span><br>      <span class="hljs-bullet">-</span> <span class="hljs-string">ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD=yes</span><br>      <span class="hljs-bullet">-</span> <span class="hljs-string">CLICKHOUSE_TCP_PORT=9000</span><br>      <span class="hljs-bullet">-</span> <span class="hljs-string">CLICKHOUSE_HTTP_PORT=8123</span><br>    <span class="hljs-attr">ports:</span><br>      <span class="hljs-bullet">-</span> <span class="hljs-string">&#x27;8123:8123&#x27;</span><br>      <span class="hljs-bullet">-</span> <span class="hljs-string">&#x27;9000:9000&#x27;</span><br>    <span class="hljs-attr">volumes:</span><br>      <span class="hljs-bullet">-</span> <span class="hljs-string">./clickhouse_data:/bitnami/clickhouse</span><br>      <span class="hljs-bullet">-</span> <span class="hljs-string">./backups:/backups</span><br>      <span class="hljs-bullet">-</span> <span class="hljs-string">./chroma/config/backup_disk.xml:/etc/clickhouse-server/config.d/backup_disk.xml</span><br>      <span class="hljs-bullet">-</span> <span class="hljs-string">./chroma/config/chroma_users.xml:/etc/clickhouse-server/users.d/chroma.xml</span><br>    <span class="hljs-attr">networks:</span><br>      <span class="hljs-bullet">-</span> <span class="hljs-string">net</span><br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="安装客户端">安装客户端</h2>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs bash">conda create -n chroma -c conda-forge python=3.10 -y<br>conda activate chroma<br>pip install chromadb -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple<br>conda install -c conda-forge ipykernel -y<br>python -m ipykernel install --user --name python-chroma<br><span class="hljs-comment"># 更简单的：# conda create -n chroma -c conda-forge chromadb -y</span><br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="测试用例">测试用例</h2>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br><span class="line">36</span><br><span class="line">37</span><br><span class="line">38</span><br><span class="line">39</span><br><span class="line">40</span><br><span class="line">41</span><br><span class="line">42</span><br><span class="line">43</span><br><span class="line">44</span><br><span class="line">45</span><br><span class="line">46</span><br><span class="line">47</span><br><span class="line">48</span><br><span class="line">49</span><br><span class="line">50</span><br><span class="line">51</span><br><span class="line">52</span><br><span class="line">53</span><br><span class="line">54</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><code class="hljs python"><span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> chromadb<br><span class="hljs-keyword">from</span> chromadb.config <span class="hljs-keyword">import</span> Settings<br> <br>chroma_client = chromadb.Client(Settings(chroma_api_impl=<span class="hljs-string">&quot;rest&quot;</span>,<br>                                        chroma_server_host=<span class="hljs-string">&quot;172.17.0.1&quot;</span>,<br>                                        chroma_server_http_port=<span class="hljs-string">&quot;5800&quot;</span>,<br>                                        chroma_server_ssl_enabled=<span class="hljs-literal">False</span><br>                                    ))<br>collection = chroma_client.get_or_create_collection(name=<span class="hljs-string">&quot;test&quot;</span>)<br> <br>test_documents = [<br>    <span class="hljs-string">&quot;长城：中国的标志性建筑之一，是世界上最长的城墙，也是中国古代的军事防御工程，被誉为世界七大奇迹之一。&quot;</span>,<br>    <span class="hljs-string">&#x27;故宫：位于北京市中心，是明清两代的皇宫，也是中国最著名的古建筑之一，被誉为“中华民族的瑰宝”。&#x27;</span>,<br>    <span class="hljs-string">&quot;大雁塔：位于中国古都西安市，是一座古代佛教文化遗产，建于唐朝，是中国古代建筑艺术的杰出代表。&quot;</span><br>]<br>collection.add(<br>    documents = test_documents,<br>    metadatas = [&#123;<span class="hljs-string">&quot;chapter&quot;</span>: <span class="hljs-string">&quot;3&quot;</span>, <span class="hljs-string">&quot;verse&quot;</span>: <span class="hljs-string">&quot;16&quot;</span>&#125;, &#123;<span class="hljs-string">&quot;chapter&quot;</span>: <span class="hljs-string">&quot;3&quot;</span>, <span class="hljs-string">&quot;verse&quot;</span>: <span class="hljs-string">&quot;5&quot;</span>&#125;, &#123;<span class="hljs-string">&quot;chapter&quot;</span>: <span class="hljs-string">&quot;29&quot;</span>, <span class="hljs-string">&quot;verse&quot;</span>: <span class="hljs-string">&quot;11&quot;</span>&#125;],<br>    ids = [<span class="hljs-string">&quot;id1&quot;</span>, <span class="hljs-string">&quot;id2&quot;</span>, <span class="hljs-string">&quot;id3&quot;</span>]<br>)<br> <br>collection.query(<br>    query_texts=[<span class="hljs-string">&quot;长城是哪个朝代修建的？&quot;</span>],<br>    n_results=<span class="hljs-number">1</span><br>)<br><span class="hljs-comment"># &#123;&#x27;ids&#x27;: [[&#x27;id1&#x27;]],</span><br> <span class="hljs-comment"># &#x27;embeddings&#x27;: None,</span><br> <span class="hljs-comment"># &#x27;documents&#x27;: [[&#x27;长城：中国的标志性建筑之一，是世界上最长的城墙，也是中国古代的军事防御工程，被誉为世界七大奇迹之一。&#x27;]],</span><br> <span class="hljs-comment"># &#x27;metadatas&#x27;: [[&#123;&#x27;chapter&#x27;: &#x27;3&#x27;, &#x27;verse&#x27;: &#x27;16&#x27;&#125;]],</span><br> <span class="hljs-comment"># &#x27;distances&#x27;: [[0.6134731769561768]]&#125;</span><br> <br>collection.query(<br>    query_texts=[<span class="hljs-string">&quot;在中国历史上，哪位皇帝曾经居住在位于北京市中心的那座古代宫殿？&quot;</span>],<br>    n_results=<span class="hljs-number">1</span><br>)<br><span class="hljs-comment"># &#123;&#x27;ids&#x27;: [[&#x27;id2&#x27;]],</span><br> <span class="hljs-comment"># &#x27;embeddings&#x27;: None,</span><br> <span class="hljs-comment"># &#x27;documents&#x27;: [[&#x27;故宫：位于北京市中心，是明清两代的皇宫，也是中国最著名的古建筑之一，被誉为“中华民族的瑰宝”。&#x27;]],</span><br> <span class="hljs-comment"># &#x27;metadatas&#x27;: [[&#123;&#x27;chapter&#x27;: &#x27;3&#x27;, &#x27;verse&#x27;: &#x27;5&#x27;&#125;]],</span><br> <span class="hljs-comment"># &#x27;distances&#x27;: [[0.4222669303417206]]&#125;</span><br> <br>collection.query(<br>    query_texts=[<span class="hljs-string">&quot;营造法式&quot;</span>],<br>    n_results=<span class="hljs-number">3</span><br>)<br><span class="hljs-comment"># &#123;&#x27;ids&#x27;: [[&#x27;id2&#x27;, &#x27;id3&#x27;, &#x27;id1&#x27;]],</span><br> <span class="hljs-comment"># &#x27;embeddings&#x27;: None,</span><br> <span class="hljs-comment"># &#x27;documents&#x27;: [[&#x27;故宫：位于北京市中心，是明清两代的皇宫，也是中国最著名的古建筑之一，被誉为“中华民族的瑰宝”。&#x27;,</span><br>   <span class="hljs-comment"># &#x27;大雁塔：位于中国古都西安市，是一座古代佛教文化遗产，建于唐朝，是中国古代建筑艺术的杰出代表。&#x27;,</span><br>   <span class="hljs-comment"># &#x27;长城：中国的标志性建筑之一，是世界上最长的城墙，也是中国古代的军事防御工程，被誉为世界七大奇迹之一。&#x27;]],</span><br> <span class="hljs-comment"># &#x27;metadatas&#x27;: [[&#123;&#x27;chapter&#x27;: &#x27;3&#x27;, &#x27;verse&#x27;: &#x27;5&#x27;&#125;,</span><br>   <span class="hljs-comment"># &#123;&#x27;chapter&#x27;: &#x27;29&#x27;, &#x27;verse&#x27;: &#x27;11&#x27;&#125;,</span><br>   <span class="hljs-comment"># &#123;&#x27;chapter&#x27;: &#x27;3&#x27;, &#x27;verse&#x27;: &#x27;16&#x27;&#125;]],</span><br> <span class="hljs-comment"># &#x27;distances&#x27;: [[1.073906660079956, 1.2695903778076172, 1.2703778743743896]]&#125;</span><br></code></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li><code>sudo docker-compose restart</code> 测试持久化</li>
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